What is the role of ailerons on an aircraft?

Ailerons play a crucial role in controlling the roll of an aircraft. They are located on the trailing edge of the wings and work by deflecting in opposite directions. When one aileron raises while the other lowers, it creates differential lift across the wings. This difference in lift causes the aircraft to roll toward the wing with the raised aileron, allowing pilots to initiate and control bank angles, which is essential during turns and maneuvers.

Understanding the functionality of ailerons is fundamental to grasping how aircraft achieve lateral movement and maintain stability. Their primary purpose is not related to controlling yaw, increasing lift, or providing thrust; these functions are managed by other flight control surfaces and systems.